The second edition of this collaborative publication by the United Service Institution of India and Army War College reflects a shared commitment to advancing strategic thought on the evolving character of warfare. It brings together diverse perspectives on how modern conflicts are being reshaped by technology, geopolitics, and the fusion of multiple domains of  power.

The volume underscores that war is no longer confined to land, sea, and air; instead, it now extends into cyber, space, and cognitive realms. Emerging technologies such as drones, artificial intelligence, and autonomous systems are transforming not only battlefield tactics but also the very nature of operational art and strategic decision-making. Equally, it cautions that while technology may act as a force multiplier, it introduces new risks, ethical dilemmas, and vulnerabilities that require careful management.

For India, the publication highlights the imperative of preparing for collusive and grey-zone threats, strengthening indigenous capabilities, and adopting a whole-of-nation approach that integrates military power with diplomatic, informational, and economic instruments. The joint effort affirms the need for theatreisation, resilient logistics, adaptive leadership, and an innovation-driven defence ecosystem to secure national interests in an increasingly complex and contested global environment.

Major General Sanjeev Chowdhry (Retd) is the Director, Centre of Publications at the USI. He holds an MPhil in Defence and Strategic Studies and specialises in net assessment and geopolitical analysis. A regular contributor on defence and strategic affairs, he brings expertise and insight into contemporary security issues.

Colonel Deepak Kumar specialises in inventory and ammunition management. A Defence Services Staff College and Higher Defence Management Course graduate, he has commanded key logistics units, served in vital staff roles, and is currently performing the duties of Colonel General Staff (Ordnance), Army War  College.

Ms Komal Chaudhary is the Editorial Assistant at the USI. She holds Masters in Political Science and Women and Gender Studies.

Mr Vinayak Sharma is a Research Assistant at the USI. He holds a Masters in Defence and Strategic Studies, along with a Postgraduate Diploma in Mass Communication. His work focuses on strategic and geopolitical affairs, on which he writes extensively.

Ms Richa Sharma is a researcher at the USI. She holds Masters in Peace and Conflict Studies and Political Science